今天大學(xué)路小編整理了雅思有難度閱讀書(shū)籍推薦, 2023年劍橋雅思閱讀真題解析:Thomas Young 雅思閱讀的難度分配原則相關(guān)信息,希望在這方面能夠更好幫助到大家。
本文目錄一覽:

雅思有難度閱讀書(shū)籍推薦,
1.Reading for IELTS(Collins)
Reading for IELTS(Collins),雅思閱讀原版書(shū)籍,分為12個(gè)單元,每個(gè)單元專(zhuān)注一個(gè)考試題型,比如?matching questions, completion questions,multiple choice?等等,專(zhuān)為打算參加雅思學(xué)術(shù)考試的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者設(shè)計(jì),旨在證明他們具備大學(xué)英語(yǔ)有效溝通所需的能力。
作者曾在英國(guó)伯明翰大學(xué)任教10年,擅長(zhǎng)根據(jù)考試題型定制內(nèi)容,所以這本書(shū)整體來(lái)說(shuō)很適合根據(jù)自己的薄弱點(diǎn)做針對(duì)練習(xí)。
點(diǎn)評(píng):和所有的官方Collins書(shū)一樣,都屬于有一定基礎(chǔ)之后的入門(mén)書(shū),多少有點(diǎn)雞肋的感覺(jué),適合基礎(chǔ)不好或需要夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)的烤鴨,但不適合高階段突分,選擇的時(shí)候要慎重。
適合人群:因?yàn)槭侨⑽模孕枰胁诲e(cuò)的英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ),目標(biāo)分在7分左右的烤鴨更適合一些,如果你分?jǐn)?shù)已經(jīng)很不錯(cuò),建議舍棄這本書(shū)。
推薦指數(shù):★★★
2.雅思閱讀真經(jīng)5
全書(shū)包括7章和5個(gè)附錄。書(shū)中的原文,與真實(shí)的雅思考試如出一轍,原文所涉及的范疇涵蓋近幾年完整的閱讀真題題庫(kù)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,分成7個(gè)題型進(jìn)行有效訓(xùn)練。
本書(shū)精選了最新雅思閱讀十大主題,涵蓋雅思閱讀真題題庫(kù)最新各類(lèi)型閱讀文章。每一篇文章均精細(xì)講解,從零開(kāi)始,單詞、詞組、句式、難題解析、中文翻譯,充分做到讀寫(xiě)并進(jìn)。
點(diǎn)評(píng):這本書(shū)只能當(dāng)做練習(xí)來(lái)用,不太適合用來(lái)歸納總結(jié),題型相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單,可以把這本書(shū)當(dāng)做泛讀的材料,可以用來(lái)熟悉雅思閱讀的主題,而且答案沒(méi)有注解,對(duì)于基礎(chǔ)較差的烤鴨不友好,嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性也比較受質(zhì)疑。
適合人群:雅思基礎(chǔ)在5.5分左右,想要刷題熟悉題型的烤鴨,不太適合作為突擊提升的書(shū)。
推薦指數(shù):★★★
3.雅思閱讀真經(jīng)總綱
該書(shū)作者和上一本書(shū)是同一作者,但是兩本書(shū)側(cè)重的方向不一樣,上一本如果說(shuō)是為了刷題,這本書(shū)就是講大綱以及做題套路。
《雅思閱讀真經(jīng)總綱》分為十章。第一章系雅思閱讀概述。重點(diǎn)講述雅思閱讀中常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題和主要應(yīng)對(duì)策略。第二章到第九章為常見(jiàn)題型。包括選擇題、判斷題、配對(duì)題等學(xué)生最為頭疼的題型。這些題型有技法概述,有真題舉例,有句子分析,有詞匯補(bǔ)充。第十章為真題演練。通過(guò)一套完整的劍橋真題,詳細(xì)闡述考場(chǎng)應(yīng)試策略。
點(diǎn)評(píng):這本書(shū)有一整套的方法論,能給大家提供很多做題思路,掌握做題方法,從而大大提升做題速度和正確率,不過(guò)這本書(shū)也算是褒貶不一,有人覺(jué)得這本書(shū)可以總結(jié)成五個(gè)字“同義詞替換”,也有人覺(jué)得這書(shū)有點(diǎn)玄學(xué),就是一些比較粗淺的閱讀技巧,對(duì)付低分還可以,高分不適用。
不管怎么說(shuō),拿高分的最重要方式,還是要多做題,多練習(xí),多總結(jié)。
適合人群:英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)較差,想要快速出分的烤鴨,可以作為讀物,但不適合當(dāng)成圣經(jīng)。
推薦指數(shù):★★★★
4.IELTS9分閱讀
作者是一個(gè)來(lái)自英國(guó)的雅思考官,劍橋臺(tái)北語(yǔ)言中心IELTS資深教師,劍橋考試口試(KET/PET)主考官,Griffith University學(xué)士,Trinity College London英語(yǔ)教學(xué)證書(shū)獲得者,有十余年的留學(xué)培訓(xùn)考試經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
這本書(shū)一共四個(gè)章節(jié),第一章閱讀介紹和診斷測(cè)試。第二章是詳細(xì)講解不同題型的做題技巧。第三章是兩套閱讀模擬測(cè)試題和答案,最后一章是40多頁(yè)的核心詞匯。
點(diǎn)評(píng):題比較少,不適合用來(lái)刷題,但是文章?lián)襁x的不錯(cuò)。因?yàn)槭抢贤饩帉?xiě),可以用來(lái)了解雅思閱讀的一些技巧和內(nèi)容,進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的學(xué)習(xí),而且因?yàn)槭欠g的緣故,部分可能不夠到位和準(zhǔn)確。
適合人群:入門(mén)指南,適合剛剛接觸雅思,打算了解一下閱讀解題技巧的烤鴨們,不適合高分進(jìn)階。
推薦指數(shù):★★★★
5.9分達(dá)人雅思閱讀真題還原及解析
本書(shū)共分為三大部分,第一部分包括七套雅思閱讀真題,每套題共有三篇閱讀文章;考生應(yīng)對(duì)所有文章精讀細(xì)讀,達(dá)到完全理解的水平,因?yàn)槊科恼露加锌赡茉诳荚囍性俅纬霈F(xiàn)。
第二部分對(duì)本書(shū)收錄的每套題目進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的解析,不僅幫助考生徹底弄懂每套試題,同時(shí)也教給考生相應(yīng)的解題方法和技巧。
第三部分為八套真題的參考答案,考生可進(jìn)行自我檢測(cè)。
點(diǎn)評(píng):這本書(shū)目前已經(jīng)出了好幾版,每一版的都不一樣,所以大家可以搜集所有版本的學(xué)習(xí),主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于解題技巧方面與劍橋的原版真題較為一致,可以作為技巧性練習(xí)的書(shū),有時(shí)候也能碰到一些原題,也有一定的解析,主要缺點(diǎn)可能就是難度一般,部分解析不夠清楚,適合用來(lái)閱讀學(xué)習(xí),但不適合用來(lái)刷題練習(xí)。
適合人群:雅思基礎(chǔ)可以,已經(jīng)看完劍橋雅思系列的烤鴨,更建議用來(lái)鞏固提升,而不是當(dāng)成救命稻草。
推薦指數(shù):★★★★★
整體分析
市面上雅思閱讀的相關(guān)書(shū)籍還有很多,并非只有上面推薦的這些,整體來(lái)說(shuō)大多數(shù)書(shū)籍的質(zhì)量還是不錯(cuò),各有優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),可以用來(lái)輔導(dǎo)提分。
但要注意找到適合自己階段的書(shū)籍學(xué)習(xí),切勿貪多不爛,或者盲目相信某書(shū)的效果,提升雅思閱讀成績(jī)是一個(gè)綜合的過(guò)程,更多還需要自己多看、多練、多寫(xiě)、多總結(jié)。
wechat:thinku700,領(lǐng)取雅思備考資源大禮包。
2023年劍橋雅思閱讀真題解析:Thomas Young
您好,我是專(zhuān)注留學(xué)考試規(guī)劃和留學(xué)咨詢(xún)的小鐘老師。在追尋留學(xué)夢(mèng)想的路上,選擇合適的學(xué)校和專(zhuān)業(yè),準(zhǔn)備相關(guān)考試,都可能讓人感到迷茫和困擾。作為一名有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的留學(xué)顧問(wèn),我在此為您提供全方位的專(zhuān)業(yè)咨詢(xún)和指導(dǎo)。歡迎隨時(shí)提問(wèn)!
對(duì)于雅思考生來(lái)說(shuō),劍橋雅思閱讀題難不難?下面就和小鐘老師一起來(lái)看看2023年劍橋雅思閱讀真題解析:Thomas Young。
Thomas Young
The Last True Know-It-All
A Thomas Young (1773-1829) contributed 63 articles to the Encyclopedia Britannica, including 46 biographical entries (mostly on scientists and classicists) and substantial essays on "Bridge,” "Chromatics," "Egypt," "Languages" and "Tides". Was someone who could write authoritatively about so many subjects a polymath, a genius or a dilettante? In an ambitious new biography, Andrew Robinson argues that Young is a good contender for the epitaph "the last man who knew everything." Young has competition, however: The phrase, which Robinson takes for his title, also serves as the subtitle of two other recent biographies: Leonard Warren's 1998 life of paleontologist Joseph Leidy (1823-1891) and Paula Findlen's 2023 book on Athanasius Kircher (1602-1680), another polymath.
B Young, of course, did more than write encyclopedia entries. He presented his first paper to the Royal Society of London at the age of 20 and was elected a Fellow a week after his 21st birthday. In the paper, Young explained the process of accommodation in the human eye on how the eye focuses properly on objects at varying distances. Young hypothesized that this was achieved by changes in the shape of the lens. Young also theorized that light traveled in waves and he believed that, to account for the ability to see in color, there must be three receptors in the eye corresponding to the three "principal colors" to which the retina could respond: red, green, violet. All these hypothesis were subsequently proved to be correct.
C Later in his life, when he was in his forties, Young was instrumental in cracking the code that unlocked the unknown script on the Rosetta Stone, a tablet that was "found" in Egypt by the Napoleonic army in 1799. The stone contains text in three alphabets: Greek, something unrecognizable and Egyptian hieroglyphs. The unrecognizable script is now known as demotic and, as Young deduced, is related directly to hieroglyphic. His initial work on this appeared in his Britannica entry on Egypt. In another entry, he coined the term Indo-European to describe the family of languages spoken throughout most of Europe and northern India. These are the landmark achievements of a man who was a child prodigy and who, unlike many remarkable children, did not disappear into oblivion as an *.
D Born in 1773 in Somerset in England, Young lived from an early age with his maternal grandfather, eventually leaving to attend boarding school. He haddevoured books from the age of two, and through his own initiative he excelled at Latin, Greek, mathematics and natural philosophy. After leaving school, he was greatly encouraged by his mother's uncle, Richard Brocklesby, a physician and Fellow of the Royal Society. Following Brocklesby's lead, Young decided to pursue a career in medicine. He studied in London, following the medical circuit, and then moved on to more formal education in Edinburgh, Gottingen and Cambridge. After completing his medical training at the University of Cambridge in 1808, Young set up practice as a physician in London. He soon became a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and a few years later was appointed physician at St. George's Hospital.
E Young's skill as a physician, however, did not equal his skill as a scholar of natural philosophy or linguistics. Earlier, in 1801, he had been appointed to a professorship of natural philosophy at the Royal Institution, where he delivered as many as 60 lectures in a year. These were published in two volumes in 1807. In 1804 Young had become secretary to the Royal Society, a post he would hold until his death. His opinions were sought on civic and national matters, such as the introduction of gas lighting to London and methods of ship construction. From 1819 he was superintendent of the Nautical Almanac and secretary to the Board of Longitude. From 1824 to 1829 he was physician to and inspector of calculations for the Palladian Insurance Company. Between 1816 and 1825 he contributed his many and various entries to the Encyclopedia Britannica, and throughout his career he authored numerous books, essays and papers.
F Young is a perfect subject for a biography - perfect, but daunting. Few men contributed so much to so many technical fields. Robinson's aim is to introduce non-scientists to Young's work and life. He succeeds, providing clear expositions of the technical material (especially that on optics and Egyptian hieroglyphs). Some readers of this book will, like Robinson, find Young's accomplishments impressive; others will see him as some historians have - as a dilettante. Yet despite the rich material presented in this book, readers will not end up knowing Young personally. We catch glimpses of a playful Young, doodling Greek and Latin phrases in his notes on medical lectures and translating the verses that a young lady had written on the walls of a summerhouse into Greek elegiacs. Young was introduced into elite society, attended the theatre and learned to dance and play the flute. In addition, he was an accomplished horseman. However, his personal life looks pale next to his vibrant career and studies.
G Young married Eliza Maxwell in 1804, and according to Robinson, "their marriage was a happy one and she appreciated his work." Almost all we know about her is that she sustained her husband through some rancorous disputes about optics and that she worried about money when his medical career was slow to take off. Very little evidence survives about the complexities of Young's relationships with his mother and father. Robinson does not credit them, or anyone else, with shaping Young's extraordinary mind. Despite the lack of details concerning Young's relationships, however, anyone interested in what it means to be a genius should read this book.
Questions 1-7
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if the statement is true
FALSE if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
1 “The last man who knew everything” has also been claimed to other people.
2 All Young’s articles were published in Encyclopedia Britannica.
3 Like others, Young wasn't so brilliant when grew up.
4 Young's talents as a doctor are surpassing his other skills.
5 Young's advice was sought by people responsible for local and national issues.
6 Young was interested in various social pastimes.
7 Young suffered from a disease in his later years.
Questions 8-13
Answer the questions below.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.
8 How many life stories did Young write for Encyclopedia Britannica?
9 What aspect of scientific research did Young do in his first academic paper?
10 What name did Young introduce to refer to a group of languages?
11 Who inspired Young to start the medical studies?
12 Where did Young get a teaching position?
13 What contribution did Young make to London?
文章題目:
Thomas Young—The Last True Know-it All
托馬斯·楊——最后一個(gè)無(wú)所不知的人
篇章結(jié)構(gòu)
體裁人物傳記
題目托馬斯·楊——最后一個(gè)無(wú)所不知的人
結(jié)構(gòu)A段:托馬斯·楊對(duì)百科全書(shū)的主要成就
B段:托馬斯年輕時(shí)的主要成就
C段:托馬斯晚年的主要成就
D段:托馬斯童年的生活背景及成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷
E段:托馬斯作為自然哲學(xué)學(xué)者取得的成就
F段: 托馬斯在其他領(lǐng)域的成就
G段:托馬斯的感情生活
試題分析
Question 1-7
題目類(lèi)型:True / false /not given
題號(hào)定位詞文中對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)題目解析
1Other peopleA段第四句“Young has competition, however: The phrase, which Robinson takes for his title, also serves as the subtitle of two other recent biographies: Leonard Warren's 1998 life of paleontologist Joseph Leidy (1823-1891) and Paula Findlen's 2023 book on Athanasius Kircher (1602-1680), another polymath.”該句中明確給出了Young還有其他的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者,他們的傳記中也同樣擁有這樣的小標(biāo)題,分別是Leonard Warren寫(xiě)的關(guān)于Joseph Leidy的傳記,以及 Paula Findlen's寫(xiě)的關(guān)于Athanasius Kircher的傳記。
因此,本題答案為T(mén)rue
2all, articlesB段第一、二句B段第一句 “Young, of course, did more than write encyclopedia entries.”明確表示Young所做的遠(yuǎn)不僅僅是編輯大英百科全書(shū)的詞條,因此并不是所有的都在百科全書(shū)。而在本段第二句中,作者指出,Young在20歲的時(shí)候?qū)⒆约旱牡谝黄撐淖运]給倫敦皇家學(xué)會(huì),并在一年后成為該學(xué)會(huì)的會(huì)員: He presented his first paper to the Royal Society of London at the age of 20 and was elected a Fellow a week after his 21st birthday。Paper與article為近意思。顯然,題干與原文含義相反。
因此,本題答案為False
3likeC段最后一句C段整體是在介紹Young晚年的主要成就,即Young長(zhǎng)大后的成就。此外,在C段最后一句中,作者明確指出Young和其他的孩子不同的一點(diǎn)在于,Young并沒(méi)有像其他那些年少成名而后來(lái)江郎才盡的孩子一樣,他后來(lái)同樣取得了非凡的成就: These are the landmark achievements of a man who was a child prodigy and who, unlike many remarkable children, did not disappear into oblivion as an *.句中的unlike為like的反義詞,顯然題干與原文含義相反。
因此,本題答案為False
4surpassingD段第四、七句D段介紹了Young的成長(zhǎng)背景和經(jīng)歷,同時(shí)體現(xiàn)出其涉獵范圍較為廣泛。其中第四句中提到Y(jié)oung決定學(xué)醫(yī),并且在后面的介紹中指出Young還參加戲劇演出,學(xué)習(xí)跳舞和吹笛子: He then broke with his Quaker upbringing by attending the theater and learning to dance and play the flute. In addition, he was an accomplished horseman.而在第七句中作者指出Young還是一名杰出的馬術(shù)師。但是并未指出Young在哪個(gè)方面的造詣更高,更有天賦。Surpassing這個(gè)概念并沒(méi)有在文中體現(xiàn)。
因此,本題答案為Not Given
5soughtE段第四句“ His opinions were sought on civic and national matters”,文中表明Young的很多觀點(diǎn)關(guān)注人民和國(guó)家事務(wù)。題干與原文含義相同。
因此,本題答案為T(mén)rue
6Interested in, social pastimeF段第七句“We catch glimpses of a playful Young, doodling Greek and Latin phrases in his notes on medical lectures and translating the verses that a young lady had written on the walls of a summerhouse into Greek elegiacs.”文中指出,通過(guò)Young的醫(yī)學(xué)演講中亂寫(xiě)的希臘字母和拉丁短語(yǔ)以及將一位年輕女性寫(xiě)在涼亭上的詩(shī)歌翻譯成希臘挽歌便能看出他的幽默。顯然,Young對(duì)于這樣的社交娛樂(lè)是感興趣的。題干和原文相符合。
因此,本題答案為T(mén)rue
7disease, later yearsC段第一句,G段第一句C段第一句給出了“l(fā)ater in his life,”但是本段近講述了Young晚年在學(xué)術(shù)方面的成就;G段給出了Young的婚后生活,以及Robinson在書(shū)中并未提及Young與父母間的關(guān)系。但無(wú)論哪一個(gè)點(diǎn)都沒(méi)有提及其晚年飽受某種疾病之苦。
因此,本題答案為Not Given
題目類(lèi)型:Short-answer question
8life storiesA段第一句“Thomas Young (1773-1829) contributed 63 articles to the Encyclopedia Britannica, including 46 biographical entries (mostly on scientists and classicists)…”該劇中的“biographical entries”指?jìng)饔浽~條,與題干中的life stories表示相同涵義。
因此,本題答案為46
9first academic paperB段第三句“In the paper, on how the eye focuses properly on objects at varying distances, Young hypothesized that deformation of the crystalline lens accomplished the accommodation.”B段段首表明,Young將自己的第一篇論文自薦給了倫敦皇家學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)。因此本段討論的是其第一篇論文。而本段第三句指出,在這篇論文中,Young主要討論了人類(lèi)眼球的調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制
因此,本題答案為humaneye或human eye accommodation
10a group of languagesC段第五句“In another entry, he coined the term Indo-European to describe the family of languages spoken throughout most of Europe and northern India.”該句指出,Young創(chuàng)造了術(shù)語(yǔ) Indo-European來(lái)描述在歐洲大部分地區(qū)以及北印度使用的語(yǔ)言。
因此,本題答案為Indo-European
11inspire, medical studiesD段第四句D段前面介紹了Young童年時(shí)期的生活背景。本段第四句中則指出:“Following Brocklesby's lead, Young decided to pursue a career in medicine.”。顯然,正是因?yàn)?Richard Brocklesby的引導(dǎo),Young才決定在醫(yī)學(xué)方面有所建樹(shù)。
因此,本題答案為 Richard Brocklesby
12teaching positionE段第二句“ Earlier, in 1801, he had been appointed to a professorship of natural philosophy at the Royal Institution”,題干中的teaching position與E段第二句中的professorship均表示“教師職位”,該句明確指出,Young作為自然哲學(xué)的教授,受聘于英國(guó)科學(xué)研究所。
因此,本題答案為 Royal Institution
13LondonE段第五句“His opinions were sought on civic and national matters, such as the introduction of gas lighting to London and methods of ship construction.”E段主要介紹了Young作為自然哲學(xué)學(xué)者取得的成就。而第五句則列舉了Young的兩個(gè)成就,其對(duì)于倫敦的所做出的成就在于煤氣照明的引入。
因此,本題答案為gas lighting
A我們?cè)撛鯓永斫馔旭R斯·楊(1773-1829)?他是《大不列顛百科全書(shū)》中63篇文章的作者,其中包括46篇傳記(大部分都是關(guān)于科學(xué)家和古典學(xué)者),和大量關(guān)于“橋” “色彩論” “埃及” “語(yǔ)吉” “潮汐”等的論文。一個(gè)能夠?qū)懗鲞@樣多有權(quán)威性文章的人應(yīng)該算是一個(gè)博學(xué)者? 一個(gè)天才?還是一個(gè)業(yè)余興趣廣泛的人呢?在一篇關(guān)于他的比較激進(jìn)的傳記中,Andrew Robinson 認(rèn)為托馬斯楊是-位強(qiáng)有力的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者能夠配得這樣的墓志銘“是最后一個(gè)知道任何事的人”。但是楊也要面對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng):因?yàn)檫@樣的傳記標(biāo)題Robinson不僅給了他,也作為副標(biāo)題給了有關(guān)另兩位學(xué)者的傳記:Lenard Warren 1998年著的《古生物學(xué)家Joseph Leipy的一生》(1823-1891)以及Paula Findlen 2023年著的關(guān)于另一位博學(xué)者Athanasius Kircher(1602-1680)的傳記。
B當(dāng)然楊的貢獻(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)不止寫(xiě)了很多百科全書(shū)上的文章,他在20歲的時(shí)候?qū)⒆约旱牡谝黄撐淖运]給倫敦皇家學(xué)會(huì),并在他的21歲生日后被評(píng)為一周科學(xué)人物,楊在該篇論文中解釋了人類(lèi)眼睛的調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制一一關(guān)于眼睛如何通過(guò)不同的距離聚焦在物體上。在后面的文章中,他更加全面地探討了這個(gè)問(wèn)題,類(lèi)似牛頓,他在自己身上進(jìn)行了可怕的實(shí)驗(yàn)用以獲得相關(guān)的證據(jù),他還得出這樣的理論:光是通過(guò)“以太”分子的振動(dòng),以波的形式進(jìn)行傳遞的,而“以太”是一種假想物質(zhì),其存在還存在爭(zhēng)議性。他還認(rèn)為為了能看見(jiàn)顏色,必須要有3個(gè)感應(yīng)器對(duì)“三原色”進(jìn)行感應(yīng),而這三種視網(wǎng)膜對(duì)其產(chǎn)生感應(yīng)的顏色就是紅,黃,藍(lán)二種顏色。
C在他人生的晚些時(shí)候,也就是40多歲的時(shí)候,楊試圖破解鎖在羅塞塔石碑里的未知文字密碼,這個(gè)石碑是在1799年在埃及被拿破侖的軍隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)的,并且從1802年起就在英國(guó)博物館進(jìn)行展出。該石碑上包含了 3種不同的字母:希臘語(yǔ),不可辨識(shí)的文字以及埃及的象形文字。這種不可辨識(shí)的文字現(xiàn)在被認(rèn)為是正如楊所推斷的是很普通的,是和象形文字直接相關(guān)的。他最初有關(guān)這方面的工作首次出現(xiàn)在他在《大不列顛百科全書(shū)》中編纂的詞條。在另一個(gè)條目中,他創(chuàng)造了術(shù)語(yǔ)“Indo-European”來(lái)描述在歐洲大部分地區(qū)以及北印度使用的語(yǔ)言。這些都是這是這位從小就展露科學(xué)天賦并且不像很多孩子后來(lái)江郎才盡的科學(xué)家獲得的里程碑式的成就。
D托馬斯·楊出生在英國(guó)薩默塞特郡一個(gè)虔誠(chéng)的教友會(huì)教徒家庭,從小和他的外公一起長(zhǎng)大,最后去了寄宿學(xué)校。他兩歲的時(shí)候就博覽群書(shū),并且自學(xué)熟練掌握了拉丁語(yǔ),希臘語(yǔ),數(shù)學(xué)以及哲學(xué),在很大程度上他受到了舅舅Richard Brocklesby的鼓勵(lì),他的舅舅也是英國(guó)皇家學(xué)會(huì)的一位內(nèi)科醫(yī)生。在Brocklesby的引導(dǎo)下,楊決定要在醫(yī)學(xué)方而有所建樹(shù),他曾先后在倫敦大學(xué)、愛(ài)丁堡大學(xué)和格丁根大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué),多虧了Brocklesby的引薦,楊進(jìn)入了英國(guó)皇家學(xué)會(huì),他最后也打破了從小在教友會(huì)的教育,他參加戲劇演出,學(xué)習(xí)跳舞和吹笛子,此外,他還是一位杰出的馬術(shù)師。在1808年結(jié)束在劍橋大學(xué)的醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)后,楊在倫敦開(kāi)了一家診所,很快他就成為皇家內(nèi)科醫(yī)生學(xué)會(huì)的一員,并且?guī)啄旰蟪蔀槭讨吾t(yī)院的一名內(nèi)科醫(yī)生。
E楊作為內(nèi)科醫(yī)生的醫(yī)術(shù)卻趕不上他作為自然哲學(xué)學(xué)者或是語(yǔ)言學(xué)家取得的成就,早在1801年,他已經(jīng)被任命為英國(guó)皇家學(xué)會(huì)的教授,他每年要在那里舉辦60場(chǎng)的講座。這些講座在1807年以?xún)杀緯?shū)的形式進(jìn)行出版。1804年楊就已經(jīng)成為英國(guó)朵家學(xué)會(huì)的秘書(shū),而他獲此殊榮直至去世。他的很多觀點(diǎn)關(guān)注人民和國(guó)家事務(wù),比如說(shuō)在倫敦引進(jìn)煤氣照明和造船方法。從1819年起,他就是航海天文年歷的主要負(fù)責(zé)人,也是Board of Longitude的秘書(shū)。從1824年到1829年,他擔(dān)任Palladian 保險(xiǎn)公司的精算師和內(nèi)科醫(yī)生。在1816年和1825年間,他為《大不列顛百科全書(shū)》編纂了許多詞條,而且窮其一生著作,論文無(wú)數(shù)。
F我們通過(guò)楊在醫(yī)學(xué)課上胡亂寫(xiě)的希臘字母和拉丁文短語(yǔ)以及他將一位年輕的女士寫(xiě)在避暑山莊墻上的詩(shī)句翻譯成挽歌可以看出他的幽默,但是他的個(gè)人生活也因?yàn)樽约簩?duì)工作和研究的全情投入而略顯蒼白。
G他在1804年和Eliza Maxwell結(jié)婚,據(jù)Robinson所述“他們的婚姻是幸福的,因?yàn)樗姆蛉诵蕾p他的工作”。我們對(duì)于他夫人的了解僅限于她在她丈夫備受一些關(guān)于眼睛的理論方面爭(zhēng)議的時(shí)候總是堅(jiān)定地支持他,并且當(dāng)他的醫(yī)學(xué)生涯開(kāi)始慢慢起飛的時(shí)候,她開(kāi)始有些擔(dān)心錢(qián)的問(wèn)題。值得一提的是,楊沒(méi)有被保護(hù)的人,他都是和自己的導(dǎo)師進(jìn)行互動(dòng)一一先是他的外公,后是Brocklesby一一還有先于他過(guò)失的一些偉人(其中很多是很著名的如牛頓,楊最早在17歲讀了他寫(xiě)的書(shū))。但是關(guān)于楊和他母親以及父親的關(guān)系的記述卻鮮力人知,Robinson在說(shuō)到楊的非凡的頭腦時(shí)也并沒(méi)有將其歸功于他的父母,或許很難有這樣的巧合:過(guò)去的天才都是由于卓越的父母教育造就的。
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雅思閱讀的難度分配原則
1、雅思閱讀的難度分配原則
雅思閱讀考試當(dāng)中時(shí)間的分配很重要,一共60分鐘時(shí)間做3篇文章,你怎么分配時(shí)間?平均每篇20分鐘?別傻了,這樣你第三篇文章肯定來(lái)不及!根據(jù)長(zhǎng)期的觀察,可以把雅思閱讀的文章按照難度從低到高排列分為1,2,3三個(gè)等級(jí)。
難度最低的1級(jí)文章90%以上的題目答案都在每一段的“3句”(第一句,第二句,最后一句)范圍之內(nèi),因此只要把文中每一段的“3句”讀完就能找到絕大多數(shù)題目的答案,而且可以很快!
難度為2級(jí)的文章則是70%的題目答案在每段的“3句”范圍中,剩下30%的題目答案則必須借助定位關(guān)鍵詞等技巧在文中其它部分尋找。
難度最高的3級(jí)文章最“恐怖”,在這種類(lèi)型的文章中你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)光看每一段的“3句”根本找不到任何題目的答案,絕大多數(shù)題目的答案都隱藏在文中中及其不起眼的角角落落。定位關(guān)鍵詞?對(duì)不起,你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)題目當(dāng)中你根本找不到任何關(guān)鍵詞給你定位!也就是說(shuō),在3級(jí)難度的閱讀文章里,你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)基本上所有的閱讀技巧都不管用了。
根據(jù)觀察,雅思閱讀文章的命題有一個(gè)規(guī)律,即必須保證每次考試總體難度系數(shù)相當(dāng)。具體來(lái)說(shuō),如果按照上面所講的1,2,3三個(gè)難度等級(jí)來(lái)分的話(huà),每次的閱讀考試三篇文章總的難度系數(shù)一定等于5!這就意味著考官可以把三篇文章設(shè)定為1+2+2模式,即第一篇文章最簡(jiǎn)單,第二第三篇稍難?;蛘呤?+1+3模式,即兩篇送分的文章和一篇噩夢(mèng)級(jí)難度的超難文章。
2、“1+1+3”模式的解決對(duì)策
筆者在去年參加雅思考試的時(shí)候閱讀的部分碰到的就是第二種模式,第一第二篇文章都很簡(jiǎn)單,只要把每一段的“3句”看一篇基本上所有的答案都找到了,因此我只花了20分鐘不到就把前兩篇文章做完了。然后再看第三篇文章……噩夢(mèng)開(kāi)始了……文章很長(zhǎng),我一開(kāi)始照例還是先看了每一段的“3句”,再回頭去看題目,發(fā)現(xiàn)題目問(wèn)的內(nèi)容跟我剛看過(guò)的內(nèi)容完全沒(méi)關(guān)系。再找關(guān)鍵詞……沒(méi)有專(zhuān)有名詞,沒(méi)有數(shù)字……總之一般可以當(dāng)作關(guān)鍵詞的,題目里面都沒(méi)有!(這種情況在配對(duì)題里體現(xiàn)得尤為明顯。)而這時(shí)候已經(jīng)又用掉了我10分鐘時(shí)間了!所幸還剩30分鐘,時(shí)間還比較充裕,于是我使出了最后一招——通讀全文!仗著自己閱讀速度比較快,我老老實(shí)實(shí)地全篇文章從頭到尾一字不漏地通讀了一遍,于是,那些原本隱藏在犄角旮旯里的key information,也就給我一個(gè)一個(gè)找到了!既然所有問(wèn)題的答案在哪里都找到了,接下來(lái)只要正確理解那些key information的意思,我想閱讀要拿個(gè)9分真的并不難吧?
綜上所述,在閱讀考試中,不管任何情況都絕對(duì)不應(yīng)該把做三篇閱讀文章的時(shí)間平均分配。
建議大家可以按照以下方案來(lái)分配時(shí)間:
1+2+2模式=10分鐘+25分鐘+25分鐘
1+1+3模式=10分鐘+10分鐘+40分鐘
以上,就是大學(xué)路小編給大家?guī)?lái)的雅思有難度閱讀書(shū)籍推薦, 2023年劍橋雅思閱讀真題解析:Thomas Young 雅思閱讀的難度分配原則全部?jī)?nèi)容,希望對(duì)大家有所幫助!